Mastering Keyset Pagination: Boost Your API Efficiency
Published on:
September 13, 2024

In the world of API development, efficiency is key. As you strive to collect API responses more effectively, save bandwidth, and enhance overall performance, you'll likely encounter various pagination methods. One standout approach is keyset pagination, also known as "seek pagination." Let's dive into the ins and outs of this powerful technique and see how it can revolutionize your API interactions.

What Exactly is Keyset Pagination?

Keyset pagination is a clever method that uses a unique identifier or "key" (such as an ID or timestamp) to facilitate the request and delivery of data sets between the client and server. Here's how it works:

1. The client includes the key in their request to mark the starting point for the next batch of results.

2. The API response not only delivers the requested data but also provides the key for the subsequent request.

This approach creates a streamlined, forward-moving data retrieval process that's both efficient and scalable.

Keyset Pagination in Action

To better grasp this concept, let's explore a few practical examples:

Using IDs

Imagine you're working with an e-commerce platform that tracks products by their unique IDs. Your API request might look something like this:

GET /api/products?last_id=1023&limit=10

This request tells the server to fetch the next 10 products, starting after the product with ID 1023.


Leveraging Timestamps

For time-sensitive data, such as event logs, you might use a timestamp as your key:

GET /api/events?last_timestamp=2023-07-14T12:00:00Z&limit=10

This request retrieves the next 10 events that occurred after the specified timestamp.

Combining IDs and Timestamps

In some cases, you might need both IDs and timestamps to ensure proper data ordering:

GET /api/messages?last_id=5678&last_timestamp=2023-07-14T11:59:59Z&limit=10

This approach is particularly useful for data sets where multiple items might share the same timestamp.

Weighing the Pros and Cons

Like any technical approach, keyset pagination comes with its own set of advantages and challenges. Let's break them down:

The Upsides

1. Resilience to Database Changes: Since each request relies on the last retrieved item, most changes to the server's database won't affect your pagination.

2. Computational Efficiency: You'll save on computational costs as there's no need to count and skip rows for each request.

3. Consistent Performance: Each API call jumps directly to a defined point and retrieves a consistent number of records, leading to predictable performance.

4. Relatively Simple Implementation: In most cases, you'll only need to use the "last seen" key in your requests, making it straightforward to set up.

The Challenges

1. Limited Flexibility: If you need to skip certain parts of a data set, keyset pagination can be less flexible than other methods like offset pagination.

2. Sensitivity to Data Volatility: If the last seen key is deleted, it could throw a wrench in your pagination implementation.

3. Forward-Only Navigation: Retrieving previous data can be tricky since keyset pagination naturally moves forward.

4. Complexity with Non-Uniform Data: Handling data points with overlapping identifiers (like timestamps) can be challenging and may require additional logic.

Streamline Your Integration Process with Bindbee

While implementing keyset pagination for a single API might seem manageable, the real challenge comes when you're dealing with multiple API providers, each with their own unique pagination requirements. This is where Bindbee comes in to save the day.

Bindbee, a leading unified API solution, allows you to sidestep the complexities of individual API providers' approaches to pagination, rate limits, and authentication. With Bindbee, you can focus on building and scaling your integrations without getting bogged down in the nitty-gritty details of each provider's implementation.

By leveraging Bindbee's unified API, you gain access to hundreds of integrations across various software categories, including HRIS, file storage, ATS, and accounting. This means you can implement robust, scalable solutions without the headache of managing multiple pagination approaches.

Let’s Compare!

Here we will briefly compare Keyset Pagination vs. Cursor Pagination and Keyset Pagination vs. Offset Pagination.

Keyset Pagination vs. Cursor Pagination

Feature Keyset Pagination Cursor Pagination
Mechanism Uses the last item's key values to fetch the next page Uses an opaque cursor to fetch the next page
Performance Generally faster, especially for large datasets Can be slower due to potential decoding/encoding
Consistency Handles insertions/deletions well
May skip or duplicate items if data changes between requests
Implementation More complex, requires careful query construction
Simpler to implement, especially with existing libraries
URL-friendly Keys may need encoding, can be long Typically more compact and URL-friendly
Bidirectional Naturally supports forward and backward pagination May require additional logic for reverse pagination
Sorting Supports multi-column sorting May be limited in complex sorting scenarios
Random access Allows jumping to any page Usually only supports sequential access
Security May expose internal IDs or data Opaque cursor conceals internal details
Client usage Client needs to track multiple key values Client only needs to handle a single cursor value

Keyset Pagination vs. Offset Pagination.

Aspect
Keyset Pagination
Offset Pagination
Definition Uses a unique identifier or value from the last item in the current page to fetch the next set of results Uses a fixed number of items to skip before returning the next set of results
Performance Generally more efficient, especially for large datasets Performance degrades as the offset increases for large datasets
Consistency Maintains consistency even when data is added or removed between requests
Can lead to inconsistencies if data changes between requests
Implementation More complex to implement, and requires a unique, sortable column
Simpler to implement, uses LIMIT and OFFSET clauses in SQL
URL-friendly Uses a key value, (e.g., ?after=item_id) Uses a page number, (e.g., ?page=2)
Scalability Scales well with large datasets Does not scale well with very large datasets
Use Case Ideal for real-time data or frequently updated datasets Better for smaller, static datasets or when total count is needed
Deep Pagination Handles deep pagination efficiently Becomes increasingly inefficient for deep pagination
Random Access Does not support random access to pages Supports jumping to any page directly
Total Count Typically doesn't provide a total count of items Can easily provide a total count of item
Bidirectional Supports both forward and backward pagination Primarily supports forward pagination
Database Load Generally puts less load on the database Can put significant load on the database for large offsets

Wrapping Up

Keyset pagination is a powerful tool in your API development arsenal, offering efficient data retrieval and consistent performance. While it comes with its own set of challenges, the benefits often outweigh the drawbacks for many use cases.

As you continue to develop and scale your API integrations, remember that you don't have to go it alone. Bindbee is here to help streamline your integration process, allowing you to focus on what really matters: building amazing products and experiences for your users.

Whether you're dealing with simple ID-based pagination or complex time-stamped data sets, Bindbee can help you navigate the world of API integrations with ease. Ready to take your API game to the next level? You can get in touch with Integration Experts at Bindbee for your integrations and discover how we can help you build faster, scale more efficiently, and deliver better results for your users.

Mastering Keyset Pagination: Boost Your API Efficiency
Kunal Tyagi
CTO -
Bindbee
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